Core Java :
Java is a popular object-oriented programming language, used for developing a wide range of applications from desktop to mobile, web, and enterprise applications. Here are some key concepts of core Java:
- Classes and Objects: Java is an object-oriented language and supports the concept of classes and objects. A class is a blueprint for creating objects, which are instances of the class.
- Inheritance: Java supports the concept of inheritance, in which a subclass inherits the properties and methods of its superclass. Inheritance allows you to reuse code and create hierarchies of classes.
- Interfaces: Java also supports the concept of interfaces, which define a set of methods that a class must implement. Interfaces provide a way to achieve abstraction and decouple implementation from the interface.
- Polymorphism: Java supports the concept of polymorphism, in which a single method can be used to represent different behaviors depending on the object that calls it. Polymorphism is achieved through method overloading and method overriding.
- Exception Handling: Java provides a robust mechanism for handling runtime errors or exceptions. It includes try-catch blocks, which allow you to catch and handle exceptions, and finally blocks, which are executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown.
- Collections: Java includes a collection framework, which provides a set of interfaces and classes for storing and manipulating groups of objects. Collections include lists, sets, maps, and queues.
- Multithreading: Java supports the concept of multithreading, which allows multiple threads of execution to run concurrently in a single program. Multithreading is useful for improving performance and responsiveness in applications.
- Streams: Java 8 introduced the concept of streams, which provide a powerful and efficient way to perform operations on collections of data.
- Annotations: Java supports the use of annotations, which are metadata that can be added to code to provide additional information or instructions to the compiler.
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM): Java code is compiled into bytecode, which is then executed by the Java Virtual Machine. The JVM provides platform independence, allowing Java code to run on any platform that has a JVM installed.
These are just some of the key concepts of core Java. Java is a versatile language with a wide range of features and capabilities, making it a popular choice for developers in various industries.